Lithium-ion Battery Thermal Management Technology
As the mainstream battery in the global power battery and consumer battery field, lithium-ion battery has attracted much attention in the development of its thermal management technology. The early lithium-ion battery thermal management system was relatively simple, mainly through natural convection cooling, that is, passive air cooling. Later, fans were added to speed up the air flow or the cold air tank was used to cool the air in advance, that is, active air cooling. The cooling effect was improved, but the noise was loud and the temperature uniformity was not good.
To solve this problem, researchers have invented liquid cooling technology, including cooling plate liquid cooling and immersion liquid cooling. Among them, the cooling plate liquid cooling technology is relatively mature and has a good cooling effect, but it is prone to problems such as coolant leakage, which may cause safety hazards. Immersion liquid cooling is a cooling technology that has developed rapidly in recent years.
The cooling effect is obvious, but it has high requirements for cooling liquid. Phase-change material (PCM) cooling and thermoelectric cooler (TEC) cooling technology are new cooling technologies developed in recent years, which have no moving parts and simple structure, but low cooling efficiency. Generally speaking, the cooling technologies at this stage have advantages and disadvantages. In general, it is necessary to combine two or more cooling technologies to perform compound cooling on the battery.
