Application of IGBT in new energy vehicles
In recent years, the new power switching device IGBT has been gradually recognized by people. IGBT is a composite full-control voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of BJT (bipolar transistor) and MOS (insulated gate field effect transistor). IGBT is a The abbreviation of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor is an insulated gate bipolar transistor. Compared with various previous power electronic devices, IGBT has the following characteristics:
① High input impedance, universal and low-cost driving circuit can be used;
②High-speed switching characteristics, low loss in on-state.
IGBT has both the advantages of high input impedance of MOSFET and low turn-on voltage drop of GTR. Simply put, it is a non-on or off switch. IGBT has no function of amplifying voltage. It can be regarded as a wire when it is turned on, and it is regarded as an open circuit when it is turned off. The saturation voltage of GTR is low, the carrying current density is large, but the driving current is large; the driving power of MOSFET is small, the switching speed is fast, but the conduction voltage drop is large, and the current carrying density is small.
IGBT combines the advantages of the above two devices, with low driving power and low saturation voltage. It is a power electronic device suitable for medium and high power applications. IGBT has obvious advantages in comprehensive performance and is very suitable for applications with a DC voltage of 600V. And above conversion systems such as AC motors, frequency converters, switching power supplies, lighting circuits, traction drives and other fields.
IGBTs are used in a wide range of fields, such as inverters in the industrial field, inverter air conditioners, washing machines, and refrigerators in the field of household appliances, high-speed rail, subway, and light rail in the field of rail transit, aircraft, ships in the field of military and aerospace, and new energy in the field of new energy. Automobiles, wind power generation, etc. have a very wide range of applications.
IGBT modules play a vital role in electric vehicles and are the core technical components of equipment such as electric vehicles and charging piles. IGBT modules account for nearly 10% of the cost of electric vehicles and about 20% of the cost of charging piles. IGBT is mainly used in the following aspects in the field of electric vehicles:
①Electric control system: high-power DC/AC (DC/AC) drives the motor after inverter, and vehicle air-conditioning control system;
② Low-power DC/AC (DC/AC) inverters, using IGBTs and FRDs with smaller currents;
③Charging pile: The IGBT module in the smart charging pile is used as a switching element.
