Overview of intelligent air conditioning system for new energy vehicles
Basic requirements for new energy vehicle intelligent air conditioning systems
The new energy vehicle market has been booming in recent years, and a large number of cars synonymous with environmental protection, energy saving, and intelligence have gradually become the first choice for consumers to buy cars. Compared with the air conditioning system of traditional cars, people have more interest in the intelligent air conditioning system of new energy vehicles. With high requirements, we hope to obtain a more intelligent and humanized good experience. The intelligent air-conditioning system of new energy vehicles needs to realize the comprehensive expansion of intelligent functions based on the original air-conditioning system. First, it must meet the needs of vehicle functions. Intelligent The air conditioning system should realize self-drying, air conditioning maintenance, parking ventilation and other DC-to-DC requirements, and should be based on the new energy vehicle's own high-voltage energy management mode, low-voltage energy management mode, vehicle stand-in mode, camping mode, and locked car life protection mode. etc. provide corresponding functional support. Secondly, digital twin management and control. Digital twin technology is used to simulate and predict the temperature changes in the car and the battery temperature, and based on this, the implementation includes feedforward control, scheduled air conditioning and advance calculation of temperature control time, and scheduled charging. ､Reserve battery insulation, calculate temperature control time in advance and other functions. Then, deep learning. The intelligent air-conditioning system of new energy vehicles can record, analyze and learn the user's behavioral data, and then provide personalized services based on the user's habits and predict the user's behavior in advance. Predict and provide prompts, recommendations and guidance to provide users with more comfortable air conditioning functions and services. Then, build a "human comfort" model. The intelligent air conditioning system of new energy vehicles can be based on the people-oriented concept and use big data technology, etc. Build a "human body comfort" model, and then divide the human body's cold and heat adaptation levels according to key information such as gender, age, fatness, and clothing in the model, and realize intelligent control of the temperature, humidity, air velocity, etc. in the car to ensure that the human body is cool The thermal adaptation level is highly matched with the environmental comfort level. Finally, expand and develop the functions of the intelligent health system. With the support of various advanced technologies, the functions of the automobile intelligent air conditioning system will be further expanded. In addition to basic temperature and humidity control, air In addition to functions such as purification, it can also be expanded in terms of CO2/O2 content monitoring and control, smart fragrance, sterilization and physiotherapy, emotion detection, physiological indicator detection, etc., thereby building an in-car interior that is beneficial to users' physical and mental health in all aspects environment.
The composition of new energy vehicle intelligent air conditioning system
(1) Air conditioning thermal comfort system. This system is actually an intelligent upgrade system of the traditional automobile air conditioning system in the era of new energy vehicles. Its main function is to realize intelligent heating, cooling, dehumidification, front defogging, air circulation, etc. Adjustment. The heating system consists of an electronic water pump, a water heater, a four-way heater valve, a heater core, etc. Most of them are coolant heating types. The coolant from the engine water outlet is passed into the heater water tank and then relies on the blower. The hot air around the water tank is blown into the car to heat it, and at the same time, the frost and fog on the front windshield are removed. The refrigeration system is mainly composed of a compressor, condenser, electronic expansion valve, evaporator, heat exchanger, etc. The refrigeration system The method is vapor compression, which uses the heat absorbed when the refrigerant evaporates for cooling. It can also achieve functions such as dehumidification and air purification. The ventilation system is composed of air ducts, dampers, etc., and the dampers separate the air inside and outside the car. It is adjusted, then cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator or processed by the heater, and finally the cold and warm air are mixed according to actual needs and sent into the car. The air purification system consists of an air filter, an electronic dust collector, an anion generator, etc. It can not only continuously filter and purify the air sent into the car, but also discharge the dirty gases in the car out of the car in time. The operation of the entire air conditioning thermal comfort system is inseparable from the engine's control microprocessor, sensors, control switches, etc. Support, thereby achieving intelligent control based on interior temperature, humidity, air flow rate, etc.
(2) Battery heating and cooling system. During charging or driving of new energy vehicles, the battery needs to be heated or cooled to ensure battery safety and maintain battery service life and vehicle performance. The battery heating and cooling system includes a four-way reversing valve and a three-way reversing valve. Through proportional valves, etc., the battery and motor circuits are connected in series and parallel through these components, and functions such as waste heat recovery and battery heat dissipation are realized during car charging or driving. When the battery temperature is high, the refrigerant and battery heat exchanger can be directly used. Effective cooling; when the battery temperature is in a medium range, the electric drive circuit can be connected in series through the four-way reversing valve and the front-end low-temperature radiator can be used for heat dissipation. When the battery temperature is low, the motor circuit can be connected in series through the three-way proportional valve and the waste heat of the motor can be used Insulate the battery. When the battery is at ultra-low temperature, the heat from the water-to-water heat exchanger can be transferred through the three-way proportional valve and the battery can be heated.
(3) Electric drive cooling system. The electric drive cooling system consists of an electric water pump, a drive motor, a hose, a radiator, a cooling fan, etc., and can be cooled through three methods: natural cooling, air cooling and water cooling.
(4) XPU and large-screen host cooling system. As cars with intelligence as an important feature, new energy vehicles often include XPU (intelligent processor) and large-screen host, both of which require good heat dissipation support. XPU and large-screen host The heat dissipation and cooling of the screen host mainly uses motor water pumps, radiators, bypasses, etc. to dissipate heat.
(5) Water replenishment and exhaust system. The main component of the water replenishment and exhaust system is the expansion kettle, which is connected to the car's battery, motor, heater circuit, etc., thereby realizing the corresponding circuit water replenishment. The water distribution tank is the main component of the exhaust. The battery and electric drive circuit share a water distribution tank, while the heater circuit uses a separate water distribution tank.
(6) Air quality management system. The air quality system consists of PM2.5 sensors, plasma generators, AQS sensors, on-board processors, etc. It monitors the air quality in the car in real time through the sensors and monitors the air quality when the air quality does not meet the standards. Intelligent processing realizes functions such as air filtration, sterilization and dust removal, exhaust gas protection, etc.
