Thermal Management for Small Electric Vehicles
Electric vehicles have become one of the mainstream directions for the future development of the automotive industry due to their zero emissions during driving, high energy utilization, and low noise pollution. However, the optimization of the best matching of thermal management control strategies between the power compartment and the passenger compartment The design is also particularly outstanding. At the same time, in order to reduce wind resistance and improve the vehicle's cruising range, the closed main air intake grille has become an important symbol that distinguishes pure electric vehicles from traditional fuel vehicles. This also greatly increases the difficulty of thermal management of the front cabin.
Analysis of heat source of pure electric vehicle power cabin
According to the structural characteristics of a small pure electric vehicle, the heat source of the power cabin can be divided into three parts for analysis, namely the air conditioning system of the passenger cabin, the electric drive cooling system of the power cabin, and other electrical components of the power cabin.
Air Conditioning System
The automobile air conditioning system mainly adjusts the ventilation, temperature and humidity of the passenger compartment to improve the comfort of the passenger's riding environment. It is divided into two functional units: cooling and heating.
The refrigeration unit is mainly composed of a compressor, refrigerant pipeline, evaporator assembly, controller, blower, electronic fan, condenser, etc. The high-speed rotation of the compressor drives the refrigerant to circulate between the evaporator and the condenser, and adjusts the expansion The valve achieves temperature reduction in the passenger compartment. One of the main heat sources in the power cabin is generated by the heat dissipation of the condenser, because the surface temperature of the air conditioning condenser is the highest.
The heating unit is mainly composed of PTC, blower, air duct, etc. The heating unit is generally used when the ambient temperature is low in winter. Therefore, in the high temperature environment in summer, the thermal management between the power cabin and the passenger cabin does not consider the heating unit of the air conditioning system.
Electric drive cooling system
The electric drive cooling system is a forced cooling system for the charging and distribution machine and the motor system to ensure that they always operate at a normal temperature, thereby enabling the vehicle to achieve higher power, economy and reliability. Pure electric vehicles use water circuits in series. The coolant flows through the motor system after passing through the water pump, and then flows into the charging and distribution integrated machine and returns to the cooling system, forming a coolant circulation cooling system.
This model uses a liquid-cooled charging and distribution integrated machine and a liquid-cooled motor system. The cooling system consists of electronic water pump, coolant pipeline, motor water chamber, auxiliary water tank, charging and distribution water chamber, low-temperature radiator and other components
