Electric Car Electronic Water Pump

While electric water pumps use the same coolant as mechanical water pumps and require coolant replacement at the manufacturer's recommended intervals, there are still some differences between the two:

Inner Workings
The most obvious and fundamental difference between the two pumps is how they are powered. Mechanical water pumps are typically driven by a belt and are in operation for the entire period that the vehicle is running, even if cooling is not required. They also have shaft seals and bearings, which are the two main failure points for a mechanical water pump.

Electric water pumps have electric motors that are powered by the vehicle's electric system. Their function is also controlled electronically by the ECU, which means the ECU will tell the water pump when to turn on and off. Electric pumps also do not have shaft seals or bearings, and are not belt driven, so they experience very low stress levels compared to mechanical pumps.

Longevity
Since electric water pumps experience much less stress, undergo fewer hours of operation, and are sealed differently compared to mechanical water pumps, they're more likely to last. As a result, water pump replacements will become less common as EVs become more popular.

Versatility
Mechanical water pumps cannot be used in electric vehicles, but electric water pumps can be used in some newer internal combustion engines. In internal combustion vehicles, they may be used for coolant circulation through the turbocharger, supercharger, heater core, and sometimes as the main engine coolant pump.