How do New Energy Vehicle Drive Motors and
Control Systems Work?
The drive motor system is a device that converts the electrical energy of a high-voltage battery into mechanical energy. It consists of a drive motor and a drive motor controller. Electric vehicle drive motors are mainly composed of permanent magnet synchronous motors and AC asynchronous motors. Currently, most manufacturers use permanent magnet synchronous motors.
The motor speed position sensor is used to detect the motor rotor position and speed information. The motor winding temperature sensor is used to detect the motor winding temperature to ensure that the motor temperature is between 45 and 55 degrees, thereby controlling the water pump and water circulation cooling fan to adjust the motor operating temperature. When the motor winding temperature is too high, the motor controller will reduce the power or stop the power output.
Ⅰ The basic functions of electric vehicle drive motors and their control systems
The basic functions of drive motors
The drive motor is an electric motor that provides driving force for the vehicle and is the power unit of electric vehicles.
The main functions of the drive motor control system
1) Limit the maximum output current of AC power and the maximum output voltage of DC power.
2) Control the motor forward drive, reverse drive, forward power generation, and reverse power generation.
3) Optimal operation control according to target torque, with limiting and smoothing functions.
4) Communicate with other control modules through CAN, receive and send relevant signals, and indirectly control the normal operation of related systems on the vehicle.
5) Control the power output of the motor and protect the motor at the same time (voltage drop, over-temperature protection, prevention of motor runaway, etc.).
6) Braking energy feedback control.
7) Detection and processing of internal faults.
8) The vehicle can be charged directly from the charging network through the motor controller, or the high-voltage DC power of the battery pack can be converted by the motor controller and put on the charging network.
Ⅱ Classification of drive motors
1. DC motor
Permanent magnet, wound same magnet, single excitation motor, shunt excitation motor.
2. AC motor
(1) Induction motor
Cage type, winding pressure type
(2) Synchronous motor
Electric synchronous, permanent magnet synchronous, switched reluctance
