New energy vehicle battery pack cooling technology
Air-cooled battery technology
Air-cooled battery technology is one of the most common methods of lithium battery packs in the energy heat exchange process. Air circulation can be used to achieve active heat dissipation inside the vehicle itself, especially during the fan circulation process, which can remove the vehicle battery pack from the outside. There is an overall return flow between the air and the air outside the vehicle, and the actual active cooling and heat dissipation effect is better. During the vehicle's internal air circulation process, the air gas formed by the rotation of the fan forms a circular return flow outside the battery pack. Although it does not directly contact and exchange with the external air, it can still achieve better battery pack passive performance. heat dissipation purpose.
The air cooling structure design of the new energy vehicle battery pack is relatively simple, and there is no need to add other cooling devices or media outside the battery pack. This is more economical and simple in terms of manufacturing costs and structural design of the vehicle, and the formed battery pack cooling control Considerable space. Based on a relatively simple air circulation battery cooling structure, when the battery pack needs to be actively and passively dissipated, the fan system inside the vehicle can be directly started. This can basically meet the effective transfer and exchange of heat beyond the limits of the battery pack. However, in some special cases In this case, the timeliness of its cooling is relatively limited, and it needs to attract the full attention of technicians and rely on different automotive battery pack heat dissipation and cooling methods to complement each other.
There are many factors that affect the operating performance of air-cooled batteries, including the inherent temperature of the battery, air circulation efficiency, etc. In the process of applying this cooling method, higher requirements are placed on the internal spatial structure of the vehicle battery pack, which must be installed in the battery pack. There is plenty of space on the outside for air return and exchange to ensure maximum efficiency in battery cooling and heat dissipation. During the process of turning on the cold air circulation of the vehicle, a balanced cooling of the vehicle battery pack can be achieved. The cooled and compressed cold air is circulated back outside the battery pack. Each heating point outside the battery can achieve reliable air cooling. , is an ideal and energy-saving way to dissipate battery heat.
Liquid Cooled Battery Technology
The liquid cooling technology of new energy vehicle battery packs is a process of exchanging heat energy by using liquid substances as media. This cooling method fully utilizes the high specific heat capacity of the liquid medium itself to design the cooling system of new energy vehicle battery packs. It can effectively achieve volume compression of the circulation system, which has important reference value for optimizing the operating performance of vehicle battery packs and improving the design of vehicle battery pack cooling systems.
Contact liquid medium cooling technology refers to the direct immersive contact between the cooling medium and the new energy vehicle battery pack, and achieves heat exchange and absorption between the battery pack and the liquid medium through an overall surrounding approach, which can effectively achieve rapid Physical cooling. Non-contact liquid medium cooling design means that the liquid medium is not directly in contact around the new energy vehicle battery pack, but the rapid flow of liquid medium is achieved through some pipes, equipment, etc., with the help of this external cooling medium circulation To achieve the absorption of excess heat, and to better improve the transfer efficiency during the heat exchange and flow process between the liquid medium and the battery pack.
At present, the liquid cooling circulation device in the new energy vehicle battery pack is mainly a non-contact structure. This cooling and cooling working method has a more stable basic structure and effectively reduces corrosion and corrosion caused by the contact between the battery pack and the liquid medium. Risks such as leakage. Common battery cooling liquid media are mainly mixtures, including ethanol, water and other materials. During the process of repeated cooling in multiple cycles, it can effectively ensure that the operating temperature of the new energy vehicle battery pack is within 35°C to 38°C. This is also its inherent Extreme high efficiency operating temperatures.
In the process of structural optimization of the liquid cooling circulation system of new energy vehicle battery packs, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the performance differences in cooling media, pipeline structures, etc., and form a battery pack cooling structure more suitable for different models through two-way optimization to further improve the battery pack. operating performance and service life. It is worth noting that since the uncooled liquid cooling system needs to circulate the cooling medium multiple times during operation, the energy consumption of the battery accumulation system caused by this process may affect the power supply performance of the battery pack. Technicians also need to Flexible selection is made based on actual conditions and vehicle operating conditions to ensure more energy-saving and efficient battery cooling.
