Pure electric vehicle thermal management system
The thermal management system of pure electric vehicles assists driving by maximizing the use of battery energy. By carefully reusing the heat energy in the vehicle for the air conditioner and battery inside the vehicle, thermal management can save battery energy to extend the driving range of the vehicle. The benefits are especially pronounced in extreme hot and cold temperatures. The thermal management system of pure electric vehicles mainly includes high-voltage battery management system (BMS), battery cooling plate, battery cooler, high-voltage PTC electric heater and heat pump system and other main components according to different models.
The thermal management system solution for pure electric vehicles covers the entire system, from control strategies to smart components, and manages two extreme temperatures by flexibly distributing the heat generated by powertrain components during operation. By allowing all components to operate at optimal temperatures, BEV thermal management system solutions reduce charging time and extend battery life.
The high-voltage battery management system (BMS) is more complex than the battery management system of traditional fuel vehicles. The system is integrated into the battery pack of pure electric vehicles as a core component. Based on collected system data, the system transfers thermal energy from the battery cooling circuit to the vehicle's refrigeration circuit to maintain optimal battery temperature. The system has a modular structure, which mainly includes battery management controller (BMC), battery monitoring circuit (CSC) and high voltage sensor and other equipment.
The battery cooling plate can be used for direct cooling of battery packs of pure electric vehicles, which can be divided into direct cooling (refrigerant cooling) and indirect cooling (water cooling). It can be designed and matched according to the battery to achieve high efficiency and prolong the life of the battery. The inner cavity of the dual-circuit battery cooler is a dual-medium refrigerant and cooling liquid, which is suitable for cooling the battery pack of pure electric vehicles, which can maintain the battery temperature in a high-efficiency area and ensure the optimization of battery life.
Pure electric vehicles do not have a heat source, so a high-voltage PTC electric heater with a standard output of 4-5kW is required to provide fast and sufficient heat for the interior of the vehicle. However, the waste heat of pure electric vehicles is not enough to completely heat the cabin, so a heat pump system is required for heating.
