Electric Vehicle Thermal Management
ⅠElectric vehicle thermal management needs
The passenger compartment is the environmental space where the driver lives during the driving process of the car. In order to ensure a comfortable driving environment for the driver, the thermal management of the passenger compartment needs to control the temperature, humidity, air supply temperature, etc. of the indoor environment.
Temperature control of power batteries is an important prerequisite for ensuring the efficient and safe operation of electric vehicles. Due to its high energy density and lightweight, lithium batteries have become the most widely used power battery for electric vehicles. The importance of power battery temperature control in the thermal management system has also become more prominent. It not only needs to meet the temperature control load changes under different road conditions, different charging and discharging modes and other vehicle operating conditions, but also needs to ensure the uniformity of the temperature field between battery packs and the prevention and control of thermal runaway. , and also need to meet all temperature control needs in different environmental working conditions such as severe cold, high heat and high humidity areas, hot summer and cold winter areas.
With the popularity of electric vehicles and the increase in application scenarios, the demand for vehicle power continues to increase. Electric vehicle motors require higher power, torque and speed, which also means higher heat generation. Therefore, the thermal management requirements of the motor system are gradually increasing.
ⅡDevelopment history of electric vehicle thermal management technology
Vehicle thermal management is one of the core technologies for the development of electric vehicles, involving multi-target management such as passenger cabin temperature and humidity environment control, power system temperature control, glass anti-fogging and defogging, etc. According to the architecture and degree of integration of the thermal management system, the development of electric vehicle thermal management can be summarized into three stages, from single cooling with electric heating to heat pumps with electric auxiliary heat to the gradual coupling of wide temperature range heat pumps with vehicle thermal management. The thermal management technology of automobiles is gradually developing towards a highly integrated and intelligent direction, and its environmental adaptability in wide temperature ranges and extreme conditions is gradually improving.
